Key Characteristics: dispels cold dampness stops pain due to cold, stops bleeding, calms the fetus during pregnancy
Properties:
bitter, acrid, slightly warm
Meridian/Organs Affected:
Kidney, Liver, Spleen
Actions:
- emmenagogue, haemostatic, antispasmodic, mild narcotic, bitter tonic
- stops excessive menstrual bleeding from deficiency coldness, circulates blood, warms womb, pacifies foetus, arrests threatened miscarriages, abdominal pains caused by coldness; bitter tonic for Liver and Stomach
- topically applied to relieve itching; internally
- externally curative, preventive of parasites and worms
- for moxibustion
- smoke also to purify spiritual, physical environment